Peter Paul Rubens :: essays research papers

Peter Paul Rubens was the painter of the first part of the 17th Century in Catholic Europe. How he became so is an interesting story. Rubens was improve to be a humanist but same all great artists choose his profession for himself. The combination of first-rate unequivocal education with an innate visual genius made for an unprecedented combination in an artist. It has been said that no artist has ever been as well educated as Rubens. After training with three minor artists in Antwerp. Rubens set off for Italy to complete his education a position at the court of the Duke of Mantua was cursorily accepted and he stayed in Italy for eight years. His job was to travel to all the major artistic collections, specially Rome and Venice painting copies of famous works of art, especially paintings of beautiful women, for the Dukes collection. He was also sent to Spain where he had an opportunity to study the enormous collection of Titian masterworks in the Royal Collection in Madrid. Copy ing the masterpieces of the Italian Renaissance especially and the recently unearthed sculptures of classical antiquity, Rubens sketched and painted and encompassed all that was best in Italian and Classical art. Rubens combined the lessons of Antique Sculpture with the vaunting ambition of the amply Renaissance giants in an unprecedented way. He used the plastic lessons of sculpture as a composition model but insisted that flesh should look like flesh in a painting thus developing his breakthrough approach to the naked body. In this he never forgot the earthy luminous reality of the old Netherlandish tradition of the 15th and 16th century (Van Eyck, Van Weyden, Breughel). You wont appreciate Rubens the master of the female nude until you consider that he was the greatest influence on French painting from the 18th to the 20th century Watteau, Fragonard, Delacroix, and Renoir were his among his loyal followers. Rubens was to develop a phenomenal ability to analyze the different sty les of painting and sculpture and whence synthesis them into whatever his clients wanted. His clients included just about every Catholic monarch, as well as Catholic leaning Protestants like King Charles I of England, and every major religious order in Western Europe. Not to mention every wealthy connoisseur of painting. To satisfy an ever growing involve Rubens opened the largest art workshop Europe has ever seen he would paint an small initial oil sketch which when approved and contracted for would be abandoned over to one or more of his students to paint the full length canvas, finally Rubens would add the finishing touches and sign it.

Significance of the Number 3 in Fairy Tales Essay -- Exploratory Essay

Significance of the Number 3 in Fairy Tales Numbers do not exist. They are creations of the mind, existing only in the body politic of understanding. No one has ever touched a number, nor would it be possible to do so. You may sketch a symbol on a cover that represents a number, but that symbol is not the number itself. A number is just understood. Nevertheless, numbers hold symbolic meaning. Have you ever asked yourself serious questions round the significance, implications, and roles of numbers? For example, Why does the number ten denote a change to double digits? Is zero a number or a non-number? Or, the matter this piece will address Why does the number tether hold an understood and symbolic importance?My interest in this topic began by observing the commons usage of the number three in fairy tales. Goldilocks and the Three Bears, The Three Little Pigs, and the three sisters in Cinderella are classic and well-known examples in which the number three is used. Th is paper seeks to uncover the mystery of the number three by analyzing the possible reasons the authors use three in fairy tales.Explanations for an authors use of the number in question can be grouped into three categories (pardon the irony). First, what I call the Cultural Approach assumes a smooth convert for three from culture and history into the works of the author. It explains the use of three by referring to social conditioning, an idea that society can influence a person to come out a certain pattern or belief even though there is no intrinsic reason to do so. Second, the Psychoanalytical Approach assumes that three weighs on the writers mind not because of society, but rather due to ways that are a part of the uncontrollab... .... 1998 98.Lane, Marcia. Picturing the Rose A Way of Looking at Fairy Tales. H.W. Wilson, 1994.Louis, Anthony. The Numerological Significance of the Tarot. 1998. Access New Age. 03 Mar. 2004 .McElrow, Tori. Spinning Three by Three 1999. Metist a Home Page. 24 Feb. 2004 .symbolisation and Spiritual Significance of the Number 3. 23 Feb. 2004. .Traditional Folk Tales for Children The Three Suitors and their Magic Gifts. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 31 March 2004. .Von Franz, Marie Louise. An Introduction to the psychological science of Fairy Tales. New York Spring, 1975.Von Franz, Marie-Louise. Individuation in Fairy Tales. Zurich Spring, 1977.

The Media Distorting Information on Illnesses :: Health Medical Essays

The Media Distorting Information on IllnessesMake sure you always use a condom or you might catch AIDS, a disease which will most likely kill us wholly anyway. Oh, and get your flu shot because this is going to be the worst flu harden ever And do not even think about eating that hamburger or you might put yourself at put on the line for Mad browbeat Disease Dont be so quick to open up your mail, or you might get infected with Anthrax Did you dump each the water out of the pool in the backyard? If not, mosquitoes infected with the West Nile Virus may kill you and your whole family We better c entirely our friends and tell them about all of this. Wait Does sunscreen increase your risk of getting skin cancer? Are we all doomed to die from any of these threats? As members of the information age, mickle grow even more dependent on the information that we get from television, newspapers, and the internet. Constantly on the move, no one has time to fact check any single headline stor y. As a result, we are putting our faith in sources that crank out sensational headlines to boost ratings and newspaper memberships. So should we all be living in bubbles for the rest of our lives to avoid the many diseases that are competing to take our lives? Or do we use logic to help us wade thru the myths and misinformation? We all know about the flu shots being offered for the past two years, and every year the virus is supposedly getting worse. Therefore, you see long lines at grocery stores with elderly people along with young children to get their flu shot taken care of immediately. And as every year, the hospitals run into a shortage, thusly the hype of people who really need it not getting it jumps up. Yet no one asks the question Do the flu vaccines work? We see the al-Quran vaccine and assume that it will completely prevent us from getting sick. If someone was ask risk of dying from the flu, would the immunization that they received save their heart? Or would the flu affect them as badly as if they didnt get the shot? Kristine M. Severyn R.Ph., Ph.D. says, Although influenza is associated with more disease, hospitalization, and death in at risk populations, no adequate controlled studies exist which proves that the influenza vaccine reduces the incidence of influenza in these groups(Vaccine Risk Awareness Network).

The Injustice Of Slavery :: Slavery Essays

The Injustice of Slavery     Slaves were people who were taken from their home land in Africa andbrought to America, to coif as servants on farms, doing household chores, etc.Slaves were used from the beginning of time, by people like the Egyptians. Now adays it is illegal to own slaves, further it still happens. And to this day AfricanAmericans are discriminated. In my opinion, that is just not fair, they did notask to come over to our country, we brought them here. We are the ones to blame.Yet, they have to pay. If you were a somber man and had a trial with a white jury,you leave alone probably be guilty. If you are a black man, many white people will tryto steer clear of you, or look at you in a funny way.     How did slaves actu exclusivelyy become free, you might be asking yourself. Itall began with a man named Abraham Lincoln, he wanted to set slaves free. Butthe southern states had large plantations and needed slaves to help, so thi s wasnot a good idea, in their opinion. This parameter led to the Civil War, whichwas eventually won by the north, and slaves were set free in America. But peoplediscriminated slaves very much, and that was not good.     Discrimination of African Americans is not that big now a days, but itis still out there. Discrimination sort of died out when a man named MartinLuther King, Jr. expressed some of his thoughts about(predicate) discrimination. His famousspeech was entitled "I Have a Dream". Back before his speech, African Americanswere not treated as people. They had to stand at the back of the bus, they hadto live in a certain area of town, they could not use the white restrooms or

How Does the Public Sector Work? Essay -- Public Management

If you dont understand how the familiar sector is supposed to work, how can you ensure that it is working? An easy definition of popular political science is, the implementation of government policies (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2010), or, the implementation of public policy (Infoplease.com, 1997). While policies and procedures seem to be continuously up for debate, it should be noned that, an informed public ar the only sure-fire way to ensure that the public sector stays on track with meeting the needs of its constituents.People, as a whole, extend to take account good leading. It is the task of a leader to connect people with purpose (Blunt, 2007). Why does this help us in the public sector? To paraphrase J.D. Straussman, leaders must hurl a vision, establish direction with regards to that vision, align people by creating an environment of cooperation, and motivate and inspire members of the organization (Straussman, pg. 4). Generally, public sectors have not yet embra ced the positive aspects of what leading skills can bring to their organizations. One wonders, what is so wrong with vision or inspiring and motivating people? prompt employees should be one of most important aspects of leadership in the public sector. Motivated employees often show higher productivity levels than others.Often confused with leadership is the enjoyment of management in an organization. First tier management skills be highly coveted within the public sector. These skills are planning, organizing, directing and controlling (Reh, 2009) and are loosely built in to any and all management models in the public sector itself. Second tier management skills build on the leadership skills mentioned above, much(prenominal) as, motivation, training ... ...illsPyramid.htm Becketts, K. (2010). Four major functions of public administration an overview. Retrieved from https//elearning.riosalado.edu/content/pad/pad101/pad101_INTER_0000_v5/PDFs/L2_Content.pdf American Soc iety of reality Administration, . (2006). Code of ethics. Retrieved from http//www.aspanet.org/scriptcontent/index_codeofethics.cfm Bai, M. (2010, December 16). Is triangulation just some other cry for the politics of the possible?. Retrieved from http//www.nytimes.com/2010/12/17/us/politics/17bai.html?partner=rss&emc=rss Goble, K. (2010, December 17). Top state issues for 2011 revealed. Retrieved from http//www.landlinemag.com/todays_news/Daily/2010/Dec10/121310/121710-05.shtml Americans for Fair Taxation, . (2010). Frequently asked questions - answers. Retrieved from http//www.fairtax.org/ put/PageServer?pagename=about_faq_answers How Does the Public Sector Work? Essay -- Public ManagementIf you dont understand how the public sector is supposed to work, how can you ensure that it is working? An easy definition of public administration is, the implementation of government policies (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2010), or, the implementation of public policy (Infopleas e.com, 1997). While policies and procedures seem to be continuously up for debate, it should be noted that, an informed public are the only sure-fire way to ensure that the public sector stays on track with meeting the needs of its constituents.People, as a whole, tend to appreciate good leaders. It is the task of a leader to connect people with purpose (Blunt, 2007). Why does this help us in the public sector? To paraphrase J.D. Straussman, leaders must have a vision, establish direction with regards to that vision, align people by creating an environment of cooperation, and motivate and inspire members of the organization (Straussman, pg. 4). Generally, public sectors have not yet embraced the positive aspects of what leadership skills can bring to their organizations. One wonders, what is so wrong with vision or inspiring and motivating people? Motivating employees should be one of most important aspects of leadership in the public sector. Motivated employees often show h igher productivity levels than others.Often confused with leadership is the role of management in an organization. First tier management skills are highly coveted within the public sector. These skills are planning, organizing, directing and controlling (Reh, 2009) and are mostly built in to any and all management models in the public sector itself. Second tier management skills build on the leadership skills mentioned above, such as, motivation, training ... ...illsPyramid.htm Becketts, K. (2010). Four major functions of public administration an overview. Retrieved from https//elearning.riosalado.edu/content/pad/pad101/pad101_INTER_0000_v5/PDFs/L2_Content.pdf American Society of Public Administration, . (2006). Code of ethics. Retrieved from http//www.aspanet.org/scriptcontent/index_codeofethics.cfm Bai, M. (2010, December 16). Is triangulation just another word for the politics of the possible?. Retrieved from http//www.nytimes.com/2010/12/17/us/politics/17bai.html?partner=rss &emc=rss Goble, K. (2010, December 17). Top state issues for 2011 revealed. Retrieved from http//www.landlinemag.com/todays_news/Daily/2010/Dec10/121310/121710-05.shtml Americans for Fair Taxation, . (2010). Frequently asked questions - answers. Retrieved from http//www.fairtax.org/site/PageServer?pagename=about_faq_answers

How Does the Public Sector Work? Essay -- Public Management

If you dont understand how the cosmos sector is supposed to work, how can you ensure that it is working? An easy definition of normal organisation is, the implementation of government policies (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2010), or, the implementation of public policy (Infoplease.com, 1997). While policies and procedures seem to be continuously up for debate, it should be noted that, an informed public ar the only sure-fire way to ensure that the public sector stays on track with meeting the needs of its constituents.People, as a whole, pass to lever good leaders. It is the task of a leader to connect people with purpose (Blunt, 2007). Why does this help us in the public sector? To plagiarize J.D. Straussman, leaders must get to a vision, establish direction with regards to that vision, align people by creating an environment of cooperation, and motivate and inspire members of the organization (Straussman, pg. 4). Generally, public sectors have not yet embraced the positive aspects of what leaders skills can bring to their organizations. One wonders, what is so wrong with vision or inspiring and motivating people? propel employees should be one of most important aspects of lead in the public sector. Motivated employees often show higher productivity levels than others.Often confused with leadership is the image of management in an organization. First tier management skills be highly coveted within the public sector. These skills are planning, organizing, directing and controlling (Reh, 2009) and are mostly built in to any and all management models in the public sector itself. Second tier management skills build on the leadership skills mentioned above, much(prenominal) as, motivation, training ... ...illsPyramid.htm Becketts, K. (2010). Four major functions of public administration an overview. Retrieved from https//elearning.riosalado.edu/content/pad/pad101/pad101_INTER_0000_v5/PDFs/L2_Content.pdf American Society of earthly concern Adm inistration, . (2006). Code of ethics. Retrieved from http//www.aspanet.org/scriptcontent/index_codeofethics.cfm Bai, M. (2010, December 16). Is triangulation just another(prenominal) term for the politics of the possible?. Retrieved from http//www.nytimes.com/2010/12/17/us/politics/17bai.html?partner=rss&emc=rss Goble, K. (2010, December 17). Top state issues for 2011 revealed. Retrieved from http//www.landlinemag.com/todays_news/Daily/2010/Dec10/121310/121710-05.shtml Americans for Fair Taxation, . (2010). Frequently asked questions - answers. Retrieved from http//www.fairtax.org/website/PageServer?pagename=about_faq_answers How Does the Public Sector Work? Essay -- Public ManagementIf you dont understand how the public sector is supposed to work, how can you ensure that it is working? An easy definition of public administration is, the implementation of government policies (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2010), or, the implementation of public policy (Infoplease.com, 1997). While policies and procedures seem to be continuously up for debate, it should be noted that, an informed public are the only sure-fire way to ensure that the public sector stays on track with meeting the needs of its constituents.People, as a whole, tend to appreciate good leaders. It is the task of a leader to connect people with purpose (Blunt, 2007). Why does this help us in the public sector? To paraphrase J.D. Straussman, leaders must have a vision, establish direction with regards to that vision, align people by creating an environment of cooperation, and motivate and inspire members of the organization (Straussman, pg. 4). Generally, public sectors have not yet embraced the positive aspects of what leadership skills can bring to their organizations. One wonders, what is so wrong with vision or inspiring and motivating people? Motivating employees should be one of most important aspects of leadership in the public sector. Motivated employees often show higher p roductivity levels than others.Often confused with leadership is the role of management in an organization. First tier management skills are highly coveted within the public sector. These skills are planning, organizing, directing and controlling (Reh, 2009) and are mostly built in to any and all management models in the public sector itself. Second tier management skills build on the leadership skills mentioned above, such as, motivation, training ... ...illsPyramid.htm Becketts, K. (2010). Four major functions of public administration an overview. Retrieved from https//elearning.riosalado.edu/content/pad/pad101/pad101_INTER_0000_v5/PDFs/L2_Content.pdf American Society of Public Administration, . (2006). Code of ethics. Retrieved from http//www.aspanet.org/scriptcontent/index_codeofethics.cfm Bai, M. (2010, December 16). Is triangulation just another word for the politics of the possible?. Retrieved from http//www.nytimes.com/2010/12/17/us/politics/17bai.html?partner=rss&emc=rs s Goble, K. (2010, December 17). Top state issues for 2011 revealed. Retrieved from http//www.landlinemag.com/todays_news/Daily/2010/Dec10/121310/121710-05.shtml Americans for Fair Taxation, . (2010). Frequently asked questions - answers. Retrieved from http//www.fairtax.org/site/PageServer?pagename=about_faq_answers

Cultural and Disease

The disease that I am writing about today is Asthma. This disease is a severe sensitized reaction in which the bronchial tubes in the lungs swell and stick blocked with mucous. The membranes lining the inner walls of the air passages become inflamed, causing the airways to delimit and make it difficult to breathe. Asthma affects roughly 17 million Americans. Five million of those affected by this disease atomic number 18 under the age of 18, making asthma the most special K chronic childhood disease. That means that roughly 1 in 20 people out of the general American existence including children currently suffer from this incurable disease.This disease causes more than 14 people to die daily from asthma. In my research I found that over the outgoing decades these figures have been steadily increasing in the linked State. As our air, water, and food become more polluted with chemicals more people argon affected by Asthma. We will continual to see an increase in this disease as long as infants are introduced to solid foods at an early age, and food additives increase, and plants are genetically manipulated to form foods that have a higher allergic potential.Symptoms of asthma may include recurrent attacks of breathlessness, wheezing when breathing out, a dry cough, and lush mucous. Tightness in the chest during a severe attack, also include sweating and rapid heartbeat, distress and anxiety, an inability to sleep or speak. This disease potentially increased vulnerability to the effects of exposure to air pollutants. thither are those who are innately more susceptible to the effects of exposure to air pollutants than others.Those who become more susceptible for example as a result of environmental or social factors or personal behavior and those who are simply open(a) to unusually large amounts of air pollutants. Very young children and unborn babies are also particularly sensitive to some pollutants. People with cardio-respiratory disease or diabetes ar e susceptible to having Asthma. Also people who are exposed to other toxic materials that add to or interact with air pollutants and those who are socioeconomically deprived. When compared with healthy people, those with respiratory disorders such as chronic bronchitis.Asthma has become i of the top chronic conditions in the United States. It disproportionately affects minorities of school age children and youth. Approximately genius in 15 Americans suffers from asthma1 and an estimated 4 million children under 18 have an asthma attack each year. Many African-Americans are exposed to unhealthy financial backing and working conditions that trigger more asthma diagnoses than in any other race or ethnic group. Inner- city living conditions typically are herd and less sanitary, which creates greater exposure to allergens and an increased risk of developing asthma.In a 2002 study, the American Lung Association reported that 71 percent of African- Americans lived in communities where federal air pollution standards were not met, compared to 58 percent of the white population. There are an estimated 1 million to 2 million new cases of asthma diagnosed in the United States each year. Approximately 3 million African Americans have been diagnosed with asthma at some point in their lives. The Prevalence of asthma in African-Americans is 30 percent higher than whites.Although children of all races and ethnicities are affected, asthma appears to be more prevalent among children who are poor, African-American or Puerto Rican. Asthma is the most common childhood chronic disease and is a national public health concern that challenges both health care and school systems. A quarter of the United State population is made up of children, who comprise 40 percent of reported asthma cases. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), nearly one in 13 school- age children has been diagnosed with asthma. Many parents are not informed about how to properly man age their hild asthma attacks.This increase pediatric emergency way of life visits. Medicaid had more severe asthma and used fewer preventive medications than all children in the same managed Medicaid population. Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in children, with increasing morbidity and mortality. A genetic predisposition and exposure to allergens have been implicated as major risk factors for the victimization of asthma. However, increasing evidence indicates that the return plays a crucial role in mediating the development of fetal-infant immune results to inhaled allergens.The exact nature and mechanism of this maternal influence and how it might be associated with the development of allergic sensitization and asthma are not clear. Under normal conditions the maternal environment during pregnancy promotes an initial skewed immune response in the way out which transitions to a non- allergic type response after birth. However the allergic mothers influence ma y delay the normal transition to a non-allergic immune response to inhaled allergens in her children increasing the risk for the development of allergic sensitization and or asthma.Understanding the underlying mechanisms by which the maternal mmune environment can influence the development of the fetal-infant immune response to inhaled allergens may lead to identifying new targets for the prevention of allergic sensitization and asthma. Asthma cannot be cured, but it can be controlled with proper asthma management. The first step in asthma management is environmental control. Asthmatics cannot escape the environment but through some changes they can control its impact on their health. Some asthmatics use a peak flow meter to gauge their lung function. Lung function decreases before symptoms of an asthma attack occurs.If the meter indicates the peak flow is fine-tune by 20 percent or more from your usual best effort an asthma attack is on its way. Other was to managing asthma involv es is to use medications. There are two major groups of medications used in controlling asthma attack. Anti -inflammatories corticosteroids and bronchodilators Anti-inflammatories this medication reduces the number of inflammatory cells in the airways and prevent blood vessels from leaking swimming into the airway tissues. By reducing inflammation you can reduce the spontaneous spasm of the airway muscle and reduce having a asthma attach.

All About Personal and Professional Health Care Essay

Health direction communication is an important practice in the manipulation of a forbearing. Ensuring effective communication washbowl military service the patient understand their state of health. The Meaning and Nature of Healthcare Communication Healthcare communication involves an efficient line of communication between medical professional persons, clients, and patient. A vital component of healthcare communication is the ability to share nurture that feces recruit a patients knowledge. This is important in assuring quality healthcare (Williams, 2007).Personal healthcare communication is vital in promoting a doctors understanding done discussion and support groups. Healthcare communication considers factors such as the attitude of the patient, their behavior and belief which could have an impact on how the physician mass improve the quality of health care (Williams, 2007). In addition, it requires empathy and understanding from the physician when communicating with t heir patients. An effective way of achieving effective communication is to accomplish feedbacks from the person getting the information.The healthcare practitioner should carefully evaluate if the client can understand the message being relayed (Williams, 2007). One of the most effective ways of achieving an effective healthcare communication is by conducting a personal interview. This method will help determining the accuracy of information regarding their condition. The psychosocial aspects of the patients conditions can be considered when conducting the interview (Williams, 2007). The Relevance of Healthcare Communication An effective professional health care communication can improve the health outcome of a patient.The health care professional can utilize various guidelines to achieve effective healthcare communication. It can help the healthcare practitioner to establish a better understanding of the condition and register of their patients (Williams, 2007). In addition, eff ective healthcare communication can increase the patients satisfaction and knowledge of treatment and its possible outcomes. Without effective healthcare communication, the patient will not have a clear understanding of the state of their health.As a result, they are more than likely to spend more on healthcare, take the wrong medication, and become depressed (Williams, 2007). The Principles of Therapeutic Communication The Talking Cure In the early history of health care, therapists or in this case health care professionals rarely say a word. Usually, the best way they understand the condition of their patient is through listening only when they never communicate. However, it is likely to practice a non-threatening way of communicating with patients and will not hurt their self-esteem (Wachtel, 2008).In this process, the healthcare professional conceals their real message in a meta-message, which can both be demonstrated in a manner that would make it likely to address the inapp ropriate issue which the patient has avoided (Wachtel, 2008). The manner of delivery by the therapist can have a huge effect on the patient compared to the real message. closely of the time, what the therapist says lowers the self-esteem or confidence of the patient (Wachtel, 2008). In this practice, the therapist must be consistent in monitoring their part in the healing(p) session (Wachtel, 2008).cyclical Psychodynamics The theory of cyclical psychodynamics utilizes a series of repetitive cycles of communication between stack. It combines views from interpersonal dynamics and behavioral and family systems (Wachtel, 2008). The cyclical psychodynamics theory states that people live in a contextual life sentence and their behavior is always related to an individual or object. In therapeutic communication, it is important for the health care professional to understand the roots of the patients difficulties (Wachtel, 2008).Cyclical psychodynamics focuses on understanding the cause of the patients anxiety. The difficulty of a patient can be rooted from their early knowledge of being fearful of their feelings, thoughts, and inclinations. The aim of therapy in this sense is to help the patient refocus these feelings and integrate them into a fuck life (Wachtel, 2008). One aim of therapeutic communication is to direct the patient to a variation of the fairness that would help them see new possibilities in their life and to modify life patterns that have been responsible for their difficulties.By using meta-messages, the therapist will help the patient affirm, acknowledge, and understand their feelings (Wachtel, 2008). Other therapeutic techniques provide a different climate, focusing on inhibition, silence and non-engagement from the therapist. With cyclical psychodynamics, however, the health care professional is more involved in the therapeutic process (Wachtel, 2008). finis Healthcare communication involves an efficient line of communication between medica l professionals, clients, and patient.A vital component of healthcare communication is the ability to share information that can enhance a patients knowledge. This is important in assuring quality healthcare. An effective professional health care communication can improve the health outcome of a patient. The health care professional can utilize various guidelines to achieve effective healthcare communication. It can help the healthcare practitioner to establish a better understanding of the condition and history of their patients. Effective healthcare communication can increase the patients satisfaction and knowledge of treatment and its possible outcomes.Without effective healthcare communication, the patient will not have a clear understanding of the state of their health. As a result, they are more likely to spend more on healthcare, take the wrong medication, and become depressed. In the early history of health care, therapists or in this case health care professionals rarely sa y a word. Usually, the best way they understand the condition of their patient is through listening but they never communicate. However, it is likely to practice a non-threatening way of communicating with patients and will not hurt their self-esteem.In this process, the healthcare professional conceals their real message in a meta-message, which can both be demonstrated in a manner that would make it likely to address the conflicting issue which the patient has avoided Cyclical psychodynamics focuses on understanding the cause of the patients anxiety. The difficulty of a patient can be rooted from their early knowledge of being afraid of their feelings, thoughts, and inclinations. The aim of therapy in this sense is to help the patient refocus these feelings and integrate them into a complete life.With cyclical psychodynamics, the patient is directed to a variation of the truth that would help them see new possibilities in their life and to modify life patterns that have been respo nsible for their difficulties. By using meta-messages, the therapist will help the patient affirm, acknowledge, and understand their feelings. Compared with other therapeutic techniques, which focuses on inhibition, silence and non-engagement from the therapist, cyclical psychodynamics involves more involvement and participation by the health care professional in the therapeutic process

Mother’s Day

In most countries, Mothers Day is a recent observance derived from the pass as it has evolved in America. When it was adopted by other countries and cultures, it was given different meanings, associated to different events (religious, historical or legendary), and celebrated in a different designation or successions. Some countries already had existing celebrations reward motherhood, and their celebrations have adopted several external characteristics from the US spend, like giving carnations and other presents to your own mother. The consequence of the celebrations varies greatly.In some countries, it is potentially offensive to ones mother not to mark Mothers Day. In others, it is a little-known festival celebrated mainly by immigrants, or cover by the media as a taste of foreign culture (compare the celebrations of Diwali in the UK and the United States). n the Roman-Catholic Church, the holiday is strongly associated with reverencing the Virgin Mary. 25 In many Catholic hom es, families have a picky shrine devoted to the Blessed Virgin Mary. In many Eastern Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches, a special prayer service is held in honor of the Theotokos Virgin Mary.In Hindu tradition it is called Mata Tirtha Aunshi or Mother Pilgrimage fortnight, and it is celebrated in countries with Hindu population, especially in Nepal. It is celebrated on the new moon day in the month of Baisakh i. e. April/May. This holiday is based in Hindu religion and it pre-dates the founding of the Western-inspired holiday by at least a few centuries. citation needed Some Islamic scholars have published fatwas against dedicating a single day to honor mothers, which detracts from honoring them year round as ordered by the Quran.Mothers DayIn most countries, Mothers Day is a recent observance derived from the holiday as it has evolved in America. When it was adopted by other countries and cultures, it was given different meanings, associated to different events (religious, historical or legendary), and celebrated in a different date or dates. Some countries already had existing celebrations honoring motherhood, and their celebrations have adopted several external characteristics from the US holiday, like giving carnations and other presents to your own mother. The achievement of the celebrations varies greatly.In some countries, it is potentially offensive to ones mother not to mark Mothers Day. In others, it is a little-known festival celebrated mainly by immigrants, or cover by the media as a taste of foreign culture (compare the celebrations of Diwali in the UK and the United States). n the Roman-Catholic Church, the holiday is strongly associated with reverencing the Virgin Mary. 25 In many Catholic homes, families have a special shrine devoted to the Blessed Virgin Mary. In many Eastern Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches, a special prayer service is held in honor of the Theotokos Virgin Mary.In Hindu tradition it is called Mata Tirtha Aunsh i or Mother Pilgrimage fortnight, and it is celebrated in countries with Hindu population, especially in Nepal. It is celebrated on the new moon day in the month of Baisakh i. e. April/May. This holiday is based in Hindu religion and it pre-dates the universe of the Western-inspired holiday by at least a few centuries. citation needed Some Islamic scholars have published fatwas against dedicating a single day to honor mothers, which detracts from honoring them year round as ordered by the Quran.

Private Security after 9/11 Essay

The conveyance Security Administration Two months after the 9/11 attacks, the Congress canonic the breeze and point Security manage or what is cognise as the ATSA, creating what is known as the Transportation Security Administration (The Heritage 2006). According to the assumptions to the federalization of airport surety, all passengers are uniformly suspicious and should have similar analysis, and the principal aim of the airport security is to observe and confiscate hazardous objects such as knives, bombs and guns, resulting to the creation of TSA which cause an extensive cost without making Americans perceptively safer (The Heritage, 2006).Transportation Security Administration or the TSA which is a part of the Aviation and transportation Security Act ratified by the US Congress and signed by George W. Bush on November 19, 2001 is a United States government agency that was formed immediately after the tragedies at the World Trade Center and Pentagon on September 11, 200 1 (TSA 2007). The TSA was originally structured in the U.S. surgical incision of Transportation but on March 01, 2003 was reassigned to the US Department of Homeland Security with the responsibility for the safety of the untaughts dust of transportations.With the regional, local, and state partners, the Transportation Security Agency with approximately 50,000 employees, watches over and administer the security and safety of railroads, buses, ports, transit systems, highways, and 450 United States logical argumentports (TSA 2007). Among the airports includes the Sioux Falls Regional Airport and the San Francisco International Airport, which uses private security under contract with the Transportation and Security Administration in inspecting passengers and al-Qaida gages. The TSA is responsible in the safety and protection of all types of transportation such as rail, pipelines & highways, and aviation in which the huge majority of its employees can be found.Before the creation of TSA the security screening is managed by the private companies who had contracts with either, a terminal, an airline or an airport operator. Private security agencies have been authorized by the Transportation and Security Administration in providing security but these agencies are under the permission or approval of the TSA. TSA was assigned in the capturement of policies in ensuring the security and safety of every forms of transportation especially the US air traffic. The Transportation and Security Administration supervise the Federal Air Marshall table service until it was shifted to the US Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement in December 1, 2003, and in the US Governments fiscal year in 2006, the Federal Air Marshall Program was shifted back again to the TSA.The TSA is accountable for operation in screening passengers items and luggage in all US Commercial airports, and combating baggage theft in many airports. TSA has also receives many criticisms concerning airp ort operations and this includes, complaints mistreatment of invasion privacy, engaging I security theater, theft of airline passenger possessions, sales of items serene from passengers, skipping security checks, failure on the use of common sense and judgment, and failure to screen and detect fake bombs brought by an undercover TSA agent. Intense implementation deadlines necessary by the US Congress, limited terminal space, high investment on baggage screening equipments, and limited number of screeners, combined to generate huge inefficiencies and because of this $2.5 one thousand million dollars have been spent just for the baggage screening equipments as of September 2004 in spite of high error rate and starting time work of the pricey explosive detection system or EDS.Transportation Security Today Before September 11, 2001, transportation safety within the United States was restricted in purpose and in degree. Total federal spending for all transportation security was les s than $200 million a year, with most of that devoted to passenger aviation. Subway surveillance cameras and transit police sought detect or stop criminal activity, and customs agents at ports look for smugglers. The just division that had veritable essential resources and security policy awareness from the US Federal Government, the importance was tremendously shifted overseas (William Johnstone, 2006, p. 1). Many have explained the success of the 9/11 attacks as mainly the result of imperfect intelligence, but the available evidence indicates the primary negligence was that of the aviation security system.The whole history of the system, as well as the testimony received by the 9/11 Commission indicates that its defenses could only respond effectively with the kind of actionable and particularized intelligence that all maintain is always in short supply (William Johnstone, 2006, p. 2). The federal government responded to the 9/11 with a flurry of congressional and Executive Br anch initiatives, including the Aviation and Transportation Security Act of 2001 (ATSA), which created the Transportation Security Administration to be responsible for the security of all modes of transportation and established the deadlines for the implementation of the a number of specific aviation security measures, the Marine Transportation Security Act of 2002 (MTSA) which mold the security guidelines for ports and ships, the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (HSA) which established new department of homeland Security (DHS) by combining twenty two separate federal agencies, including TSA, the Coast Guard, the Customs Service, and the Federal Management Agency (FEMA)The 2002 legislation creating the 9/11 Commission which was to examine and report upon the facts and causes relating to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 and investigate and report to the President and Congress on its findings, conclusions and recommendations for corrective measures that can be taken to preve nt acts of terrorism, a series of Homeland Security Presidential directives (HSPDS), including the December 2003 HSPD-& which called for DHAS to produce a comprehensive integrated National Plan for Critical Infrastructure and Key Resources Protection, and lastly, the intelligence service Reform and Terrorism Prevention act of 2004 which turned many of the 9/11 commissions recommendation including those relating to transportation security into statutory mandates (William Johnstone, 2006).The change magnitude federal policy attention was accompanied by a substantial rise in federal funding for the Transportation Security, which rose from less than $ one hundred fifty million in Fiscal years (FY) 2001 to more than $7.7 billion in FY2005, but four years after 9/11, after a several, a series of federal laws, reorganization, and executive directives, after more than $25 billion in few federal security investments, major questions remain about the force of all the elements of the new sy stem.Aviation SecurityWith the layers of aviation security the intelligence security sector of the TSA is more pertinent to decision and leadership of its agency doing mathematical operation than its forerunner in the FAA, but even if it is two times as large as its forerunner, it stays considerably understaffed and its agents are now distributed untold fewer with duties for the modes of transportation not just in aviation (William Johnstone, 2006). Development has been recounted in perimeter security of airports through a lowering in the plan of attack points of airports, an rise in vehicles entering airports and in, surveillance of individuals and some enhancements in background checks of airport employee, though, small has varied in the divided responsibilities of the old systems for access statement, with US Federal Government, and to a lesser degree the airlines all having a function (p. 6). General aviation security has not been substantially has not been substantially up graded, with neighbor pilots, passengers, baggage, nor cargo subjected to security screening, and threat and vulnerability has assessment have yet to be undertaken for most general aviation airports. A December 2004 Congressional report, criticized TSA for failing to understand the pretend from small private planes, provide useful threat information to general aviation airports, and enforce security compliance by charter airlines and flight schools (p. 6).Similar weaknesses persist to continue in air cargo security, and reportedly only 5% of all cargo is presently screened, and the GAO has say that carrying cargo aircraft persist to be highly susceptible to sabotage of terrorist. TSA has stated sets of regulation for security of air cargo but usual for rule making, the mathematical function is progressing very slowly, and even if concluded, the new rules would give fewer features on how freight industry, which is anticipated to execute the security program, is to perform this gro undless mandates (p. 6). Four years of handout through have educated us that the United States government cant do the work emend compared to the private sector and this should not get as unexpected because absolutely every nation that has utilized government screeners has reached similar conclusion (The Heritage, 2006). When nations first attempt to prevent airline seize in the 1970s, most countries originally used government staffs to enhance security at airports through justice agency or government transportation, and in the undertake of the 1980s the European airports starts developing a performance contracting model with which the government impose and establish high performance standard with which airports did by employing security companies.Belgium was the 1st to do this mode in 1982, in 1983 this was emulated by the Netherlands, in 1987 by the United Kingdom, and a new wave of conversions to the public private confederation model in 1990s, in 1992 with Germany, 1993 in France, 1994 in Austria and Denmark, 1998 in Ireland and Poland, and 1999 in Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Switzerland (The Heritage, 2006).The GAO examined the security inspection methods of Belgium, Canada, Netherlands, France, and the United Kingdom reporting the excellent performance of airports in Europe using the performance contracting model. The GAO state the four parts of the important differences between European and US screening practices at the time, and these are, better overall security system design, higher training and qualifications prerequisite for screeners, better pay and benefits resulting in much lower turnover rates, and screening task presumptuousness with the national government or the airport and not with airlines (The Heritage, 2006).Reactive System In the 1990 the Presidential Commission on Aviation and terrorism, which itself had been established only after the Pan AM 103 disaster, reported to the nation that the FAA was a reactive agency preoccupied with responses to events to the exclusion of adequate contingency planning in outlook of future threats (William Johnstone, 2006). The main features of the pre 9/11 security system can be summarized as anti-hijacking measures (including checkpoint screening, profiling, and air marshals, the anti-sabotage measures including X-ray screening and positive passenger bag match at high risk airports, and additional measure such as explosive detection equipment, canine teams, and CAPPS (William Johnstone, 2006).Unpromising FutureThe hope for any important improvement in baggage and passenger security are depressing because instead of tasking each airport with securing its operations under the National restrictive Supervision as is ordinary in most other countries, Congress tackle the 9/11 failure of security by instructing in the Transportation Security Administration not only the regulatory responsibility but also the service provision duties of the airport screening (The Heritage, 2006). Th e TSA served as two(prenominal) an operator and passenger screener while the perimeter patrols, access control and law enforcement duties were to be done by the airports themselves under the FSD administration, creating a serious conflict of interest.The indispensableness for Legislation Primarily, the fault cannot be attributed alone with the TSA, but with the Congress which directed how the US government must tackle the problem, the Congress selected in concentrating on how the US government could make the pre 9/11 security check better rather than directing the vital issue of searching for the most effective and in effect(p) method to stop terrorist off the plane. The Congress formed the problem and solving it will make Congress law to reshape the US government on the duties of stopping terrorist more willingly than chargeing on the passengers luggage. The congress can begin by shifting the TSA into a much more different Aviation security Agency, and the Congress should push the US Government to get out of the screening business and transfer screening to airports, obliging only that they authorize contracts, set performance standards, and observe compliance (The Heritage, 2006).The new ASA should enforce and set standards focusing on, certification of security companies with which an agency of the US Government evaluates the backgrounds of its directors and officers and financial constancy of each firms, licensing of individual workers, initially as skillful security officers and then as specialized aviation agents, standards for benefits and salary to guarantee that people of highly skilled employees are hired and that they are motivated to stay with the company, and lastly, training of operating personnel and managers (The Heritage, 2006).A New Model for Aviation SecurityThe DHS should focus its attention to the development of the 21st century cargo system and international passenger security system that doesnt waste resources by considering every big money and person as an equal risk that needs screening and checks. A new model system should distribute resources of security in comparison with the risk or danger, counting on what is called as focused security that place the most resources alongside with the highest risks.An enhanced risk based approach to recognize flagitious persons would make separation of passengers within the checkpoints of terminals into at least three distinct groups according to the quality and quantity of information known about each, such low risk passengers with which great deal is known, ordinary passengers or persons who are mostly infrequent flyers and leisure travelers, and high risk passengers or people whom nothing is known or having negative information about them. Also, different actions for bag and passenger screening should be done with each group to have an efficient system resources and passenger time allotment on methods that give little to the security of airport.The risk based appro ach would give noteworthy cost savings to both operating cost and capital while aiming funds of the airport security toward the passengers who are expected to pose threats to property and people, and those savings could be utilized to develop security in other areas and lower the passenger, airline, airport, and taxpayers cost (The Heritage, 2006). The risk based model would also lower the cost and size of canvass baggage screening, and the bags of RT members could be screened through X ray machines, lowering the EDS machines demand.ConclusionThe US Congress can assist to tackle the countrys airport security requirement more effectively by insisting the 3 essential changes such as, re pass watering the TSAs mission from giving airport security to being a policymaker of the aviation security, devolving screening responsibility to the airport level under the authorization of a director of the federal security, and lastly, requiring that the DHS labor to construct a new cargo and pass enger security system that utilize a risk based model for the security of airports (The Heritage, 2006).ReferencesBurns, V., Peterson, D. (2005). Terrorism A Documentary and Reference Guide. New York Greenwood Press.TSA Transportation Security Administration. (2007). What Is TSA?. RetrievedDecember 23 2007, from http//www.tsa.gov/who_we_are/what_is_tsa.shtmThe Heritage Foundation. (2006). Time to Rethink Airport Security. Retrieved December23 2007, from http//www.heritage.org/Research/HomelandSecurity/bg1955.cfmWilliams C. (2004). air crew Security. New York Ashgate Publishing Ltd.William Johnstone, R. (2006). 9/11 and the Future of Transportation Security. New York Greenwood Press.

Wesfarmers : Financial Analysis

Wesfarmers Financial Analysis Wesfarmers main focus is very simple but an effective fair game of providing a satisfactory go by to its shareholders. The beauty of this objective is that it is measurable, and they seek to achieve a return on equity, which ranks Wesfarmers in the top 20 percent of Australias listed companies and able to manage the portfolio of businesses which make up the sort with tender pecuniary focus (Australian Securities Exchange,2008). The ongoing success of Wesfarmers is based on shareholder focus, financial disciplines and goodwill and hence it has achieved significant financial branch in the preceding 6 years.It is a diversified Australian group, provides home improvement products, building supplies, coal mining, gas, industrial and safety products, food, groceries, apparel, office products and insurance (Business Review, 2008). Wesfarmers key strategy is to grow through acquisitions. In line with the strategy, Wesfarmers made several acquisitions over the years which enhanced their financial dumbfound and stability. Over the years the group acquired Linde Gas, which is a major provider of gas to the Australian Industrial market.In 2003 Wesfarmers finalized the acquisition of Lumley Australian and New Zealand insurance business which helped diversify Wesfarmers business operations and lastly in 2007, Wesfarmers acquired the Coles group (Greenhalgh, 2008). Table 1 Major Acquisitions BusinessPriceEBIT ($m)EV/EBIT multiple OAMPS7255812. 5 Linde Gas5007313. 5 Coles Group19,3001,15016. 8 Source www. wesfarmers. com. au The most common form of financial analysis is undertaken using ratios, using the data from financial statements and other related sources.By analyzing and calculating the figures obtained from the Wesfarmers financial statements of the preceding 5-6 years we can develop an sixth sense to the success and growth of the play along (accounting text book). Over the years Wesfarmers has grown significantly some(prenom inal) physically and financially. In 2003 the group achieved a result with cyberspace profits reaching $538 million, with an after tax net profit of 16 percent. Earnings per share before goodwill amortization were up by ix percent and shareholders received an increase in dividends by up to 14 percent.The total operating tax revenue change magnitude five percent a revenue of 7. 8 billion when compared to the previous year, and a 20 percent increase in net operating cash flow due to a strong focus on working capital and preceding years higher profit (Wesfarmers 2003). Over the last 4 years Wesfarmers net revenues kept ascent dramatically from 7. 54 billion in 2005 to approximately 8. 71 billion in 2007. With the acquisition of Coles retail assets in 2007, the scale of Wesfarmers retail operations increased extensively with operations from over 3,200 stores throughout Australia and total sales of $39. billion in the year 2007. This substantially demonstrates the significant buying power with suppliers manufactures and obtains benefits associated with dedicated networks and shareholder goodwill (Wesfarmers, 2007). There was a significant rise in net profit margin 7. 65% in 2004 to 9. 85 % in 2006. However 2008 being a difficult year due to the global financial crisis there has been a drop in net profit margin. There has always been a constant increase in the Return on asset from 8. 60% in 2004 to 12. 2 % in 2006 and also jumbo increase on the return on equity a tremendous increase to 26. 15% in 2006. This demonstrates the overall growth and performance over the years (FinAnalysis,2009). As organizations grow and poke out successfully they are also faced with a lot of challenges. Given the recent acquisition of Coles, Wesfarmers financial policies and liquidity position has changed significantly. Until 2008 Wesfarmers has a strong regard over their assets, and the ability of the company to meet ill-considered landmark obligations were high.However off lat e their liquidity position is considered to be weak, considering the significant level of short term debt they have acquired, although a portion of it was paid off by the end of 2008, there is still a segment of it which is yet to be in all stooled off. However addicted the global financial and economic crisis, Financial experts have predicted that Wesfarmers debt levels are going to rise in the short to medium term of 2009 (Greenhalgh, 2008). This shows the ability of Wesfarmers to purchase assets using borrowed funds and thus lever up their total assets.The short to medium term debt will have to be refinanced in the coming months to assist it reducing any further risks. Wesfarmers services a diverse customer base reflecting the broad range of industries in which the company operates, given this diverse operations of groups they have a large number of competitors including MITRE 10, BHP, RIO and Orica, Caltex etc ( FinAnalysis, 2009). However the major one of them all being Wool worths. Woolworths has established a clear lead in sales growth in recent years, and is estimated to hold approximately 27% of the market with Coles falling down to 23%.Woolworths has clearly exhibit a lead in terms of supermarket margins and supply chain automation resulting in sour price discounting, and they have reported a solid growth in margins from 4. 7% in 2005 to 6. 2% in 2007(Woolworths, 2008). As Wesfarmers operate in various other industries and segments they have demonstrated a strong position in the market. General merchandising and apparel store Target has performed strongly compared to peers, reporting margins growing from 2. 1% in 2002 to 8. 8% in 2007.However both Coles and Woolworths operate in a duopolistic market for large scale retailers, with other competitors finding it difficult to compete with these two massive players. Stakeholder analysis The Board of Wesfarmers throttle is a strong advocate of good corporate governance and is committed to providing a satisfactory return to its shareholders and fulfilling its corporate governance obligations and responsibilities in the best affaire of the company and its stakeholders complying with the ASX corporate Governance Councils Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations (Wesfarmers, 2008).The stakeholders include employees, customers, suppliers and other contractors, government agencies, local communities, and also shareholders in the parent company. The company strives to reach out and improve its sustainability efforts into the rising by enhancing the physical environment in which they operate, provide a safe working environment for employees, customers and other stakeholders, treating all stakeholders with respect, investing in the communities for development and better standards of living and most of all, behaving in a legal and ethical manner (Hill et,al. 007, p. 34 & Wesfarmers, 2008). However there were a few discrepancies and reflection in the early 1990s, regarding e nvironment and longstanding pollutions issue from sites used for fertilizer production by Wesfarmers. The government and the public were concerned about leaching of heavy metals into the water table. Criticism also leveled at the company over its adequate stakeholder involvement in the issue (Sustainable Asset Management, 2003).It was also known that a large number of stakeholder of the parent company were now pleased and supportive of the acquisition of Coles group. However eventually it was understood that shareholders supported the proposal and realized it was an opportunity for future growth, increased market share, and higher share prices and returns (Bolt, 2007). Over the years Wesfarmers made strong efforts and changes to advocate the best practice in Corporate Governance by fulfilling its obligations and responsibilities.The board approved new terms of reference for the audit and complaisance committee. The committee also has the responsibility to assess the effectiveness o f the groups compliance reporting programe to cover areas such as crisis management, legal liability, risk review, insurance, financial issues, environmental health and safely management (Wesfarmers, 2007). Wesfarmers also revised their disclosure member and policy and improved timely disclosure of relevant information to the market, this includes the conduct of investor and analyst briefing and communication with the media.Stakeholders are involved in reviews and stakeholders surveys to tackle key areas such as supply chain, OH&S, resource consumption, product stewardship, feedbacks and complaints etc to comment on the companys performance. The Australian Standards Technical Committee, Australian Water and other government have concluded that Wesfarmers has involved in ensuring environmental responsibility and safety (Wesfarmers, 2007). Succession planning is another issue which is constantly under review indoors the group.Together with the mergers and acquisitions taken place o ver the years, Wesfarmers board ensured that these transitions were a smooth one, keeping abreast with the history and culture of the company. This evolution had diversified and strengthened the company together with the experience and knowledge and skill of highly committed directors (Wesfarmers, 2007). References Wesfarmers, 2008, Corporate Governance, retrieved on 27 December 2008, .Bolt, C, 2007, Wesfarmers makes improved offer for coles, The West Australian, retrieved on 27 December 2008, . Wesfarmers, 2008, Submission on the federal governments Green paper for a proposed carbon pollution reduction scheme, retrieved on 27 December 2008, . Sustainable Asset Management, 2003, Sustainability Leaders Australia Fund, retrieved on 27 December 2008, . Wesfarmers, 2007, Annual General Meeting Chairmans engineer, retrieved 29 December 2008, .

Musical lyrics and writing inspired by music should be studied as literature

Musical lyrics and writing inspired by medicinal drug should be examine as literature. This is because scarcely like literature music is designed either prevaricationally or factually. It in like manner incorporates symbolisms, themes and many more that has connections with literature. Artists who argon musically inclined also uses feelings and present events to guide them in writing musical composition. From here one can say that music and literature intertwines. The emotion of the composer is reflected on his craft just like writers and poets on the aspect of literature. The most common literature bodies that can be linked directly to musical lyrics are those of poetry.This is because just like poems, music has rhymes and intonations and often reflects an ideology from the artist. It also exposes something that is timely depending on the current events. There are musical writings that imply radical thoughts during war and there are musical lyrics that give a romantic notion fo r composer who are in love. Both musical lyrics and literature serves as an inspiration to many people. Lyrics should be analyse as a literature to easily grasp the message and at the same time find out if the piece is based on fiction or fact.

Christmas-Time Essay

Our emotional states grow tender with childishness memories and love of kindred, and we are better throughout the year for having, in spirit, be capture a child once again at Christmas- age. (Laura Ingalls Wilder)Christmas is coming, it is one of the most important and magnificent spends of the Christian calendar. This is a miraculous eon of year when people begin to believe in miracles again and become pure-minded like heartfelt children.We all come from childhood. This is a fun and good time which is associated with sweet memories and a sense of continuing happiness. I return this happy-go-lucky period of my conduct when I dreamed with confidence without thinking whether my dreams would come true or not. On Christmas Eve there were dozens of lights which burnt in my house. Honestly, this amazing picture made my heart so bright and happy that I wanted to embrace the whole world. I waited always for Christmas time because it was very great to help my parents to do work a spe cial dinner and feel breathtaking holiday atmosphere. Even growing up I become a light-hearted child again for a while, impede all the troubles and plunge into the world of magic at Christmas.Moreover, everything changes in the days of Christmas. In this period of time even the most hardened cynics turn into romantics and become a little kinder. Most people immerse about all the difficulties and could be among friends and relatives. All the year round we called each other on the cry occasionally, however at Christmas all loving people gather together at the same table. at that place is an opportunity to hug each other, talk, and wish happiness during this marvelous night. On Christmas Eve, the sky opens its gates, and we can make a wish, importantly that it should be sincere and from the heart.I want to believe that we can start a new countdown on the eve of this holiday and our life will be more successful and broad of incredible things. Once upon a time there was already a mi racle, the birth of Jesus Christ. We suffer to believe in wonders and wish to let a little Christmas magic enter into our lives. Enjoy your life and go towards your dream like children and then the most cherished desires will be fulfilled.